Smooth solidify shapes craft (Stereolithography, SL) , often be called stereo photoetching shapes, be called sometimes SLA (Stereolithography Apparatus) . Smooth solidify shapes quickly craft is the earliest development those who rise is fast shape technology. It is machinist Cheng, CAD reachs production technology (CAD/CAM) , computer number is controlled (CNC) , accurate servo drive, detect of technology, laser technology and new-style material science and technology compositive. It is different from the method that makes a part traditionally with material purify means, use data however an one kind that the layer gathers is tectonic spare parts model. As a result of the spare parts of tradition of this technology unlike production method needs to make wooden model, plastic pattern and model of pottery and porcelain wait, can reduce the production time of spare parts prototype for a few days, a few hours, shortened greatly product development cycle, reduced development cost. The rapid development of computer technology and the ceaseless promotion that three-dimensional CAD software uses, make smooth solidify shapes wide application of the technology becomes a possibility. Smooth solidify shapes the skill is extraordinary agree with spare parts of irregular or the development of new product, complex form is made (if have the aircraft of complex form face model and wind tunnel model) , of large part make, mould design and make, the exterior of products plan is evaluated and assemble examine, turn over quickly, the production that also applies to difficult treatment material (if use component part of composite material of carborundum of SLA technology preparation,wait) . This technology has wide application in manufacturing industry not only, and there also is wide applied perspective in the domain such as art of material science and project, medicine, culture [1-3] . Smooth solidify shapes fundamental smooth solidify of the technology shapes of craft shape the process is shown 1 times like the graph [4] . Colophony of photosensitive of full liquid state is filled in fluid chamfer, helium - what cadmium laser or argon ion laser give out is ultraviolet stimulate beam of light to issue each statified and sectional information that presses a spare parts to undertake in photosensitive colophony surface pointwise scans in the control that controls a system, make be scanned the colophony layer of area produces smooth aggregate reaction and solidify, form a layer of the spare parts. After a solidify ends, the space with a deep layer moves below workbench, be in in order to make former the colophony appearance with good solidify again a new liquid state colophony, the strickle of colophony fluid face with scraper general bigger viscosity, undertake scanning is machined falling next. A of new solidify firm felt is advanced one goes up, till whole spare parts is made,repeat so end, get a three-dimensional and hypostatic prototype. After hypostatic prototype is finished, take out substance above all, discharge redundant colophony clean. Take out is propped up later, undertake cleaning, put hypostatic prototype in again next ultraviolet the solidify after the whole below laser. Because of colophony material tall agglutinant, after every solidify, fluid side flows quickly inside short time very hard smooth, this will affect hypostatic precision. Use scraper to blow after cutting, the colophony that requires an amount is met be being gone up to fold a layer to go up by apply of of very even ground, such courses can get better precision after laser solidify, make more smooth peace makes product appearance; And can solve the problem of rudimental bulk. Smooth solidify shapes technical application shapes a few kinds more quickly in current application in technique, because have,smooth solidify shapes shape process automation degree quality of surface of the tall, prototype that make precision of good, dimension is tall and can realize more careful dimension to shape wait for a characteristic, those who make receive most wide application. The communication that designs in the concept, odd nicety casts a small lot, a lot of respect such as pattern of product model, fast industry and the pattern that face a product directly applies Yu Hang extensively the industry such as empty, car, electric equipment, consumable and medical treatment. 1 SLA is in in the application of aerospace domain aerospace domain, SLA model can be used at wind tunnel to experiment directly, undertake producibility, can assemble a gender to examine. Aerospace spare parts often is the complex system that runs inside limited space, using smooth solidify to shape after the technology, not only can be based on SLA prototype to undertake constructional interfering checking, still can undertake producibility discussion is evaluated, affirmatory first-rate is reasonable workmanship. Cast through fast fusible pattern, fast moulding is cast wait for auxiliary technology to have special and complex part (wait like turbine, lamina, impeller) odd, small lot production, the trial-produce of the component such as hand-in-hand travel engine and experiment [5] , if pursue 2 (A) what show the impeller model that makes for SLA technology. A lot of spare partses on the engine in aviation domain are to pass nicety to cast those who will make, make to the wooden model of high accuracy, traditional process cost is extremely high and the time that make is very long also. Use SLA technology, can design the master mold that fusible pattern casts by CAD number model directly, time and cost can get be reducinged significantly. In number hour, can get cost by CAD number model inferior, structure the very complex SLA that is used at fusible pattern to cast is fast archetypal master mold. Graph 2 (B) the crucial part of some engine that gave out to be based on SLA technology to use exact fusible pattern to cast a method to make [4] . Benefit consumed solidify shapes the technology can make body case, mount can undertake wind tunnel experiments directly after sensor. Avoided to make the cost of model of complex curved surface and time through such method, can single out optimal rectification program quickly from the sieve in a variety of design program thereby, shortened greatly in whole development process cycle of test and verify and development cost. In addition, benefit consumed solidify shapes the model of missile full measure that the technology makes, after model surface watch undertakes corresponding spray, clarity revealed missile exterior, structure and battle principle, its are revealed and explained the effect to be head and shoulders above way of simple computer drawing imitate, can mix to its producibility before not official capacity is produced can assemble a gender to undertake examining [5] , if pursue 2 (C) the missile model that makes for SLA. The Nextpage2 SLA application in other production sphere is smooth solidify shapes quickly the technology applies besides what there is outbalance in aerospace domain besides, the application in other production sphere is very fundamental also and extensive, if be in,car domain, mould is made, electric equipment and cast a domain to wait. The technology shapes to make brief introduction in car domain and the application that cast a domain quickly with respect to smooth solidify below [4, 6] . The characteristic that contemporary car produces is the much model of the product, short period. To satisfy different manufacturing requirement, need otherwise to break ground remodel. Although technology of contemporary computer simulation is ceaseless perfect, can complete analysis of all sorts of motivation, intensity, stiffness, but make it in kind still needs in considering to develop with test and verify its exterior figure, tool can be installed gender and dismountable quality. To the part with very appearance, complex structure, can consumed solidify shapes the technical spare parts that make is archetypal, devise the design idea of personnel with test and verify, use spare parts prototype to become a function gender and assemble a gender examine, graph 3 (A) for prototype of car cistern face guard. Smooth solidify shapes quickly the technology still can be in the experiment of engine is used at analysis of going from place to place in research. Technology of analysis of going from place to place is the pattern of going from place to place that uses affirmatory liquid or gas. transparent model installation is on one simple testing stand, some kind of liquid circulates among, a few petty particle or fine bleb are added inside the liquid, in order to show a liquid the condition of going from place to place inside flow path. This technology is used successfully at engine refrigeration system (cistern of air cylinder lid, airframe) , the research that waits into vent-pipe. The key of the problem is the production of transparent model, with traditional method time long, expenses is large and not accurate, and the time that needs 4~5 week merely with modelling of CAD of SLA technology union, and the 1/3 before expenditure does it only, the transparent model that makes can accord with the CAD data that amiable crock builds airframe water tank completely to ask, the exterior quality of the model also can satisfy a requirement. If pursue 3 (B) what show the air cylinder that analyses to be used at cooling system to flow namely to build a model. To undertake an analysis, this air cylinder built model outfit to be on crankcase, provided essential auxiliary part. The blue liquid Gao Liang in the graph showed the internal composition of housing. When analytic result is unqualified, can disassemble the model, after undertaking modification to model spare parts reshipment model, the flow that has another round is analysed, till each index all is satisfied,ask till. Smooth solidify shapes the technology is in automobile industry besides afore-mentioned utility, still can make technical photograph tie with converse project technology, fast mould, use at car automobile body the structural appearance such as door plank of trial-produce of assembly of humper of design, around, interior trim / functional appearance spare parts of trial-produce, racing bicycle is made etc, graph 3 (C) it is to be based on SLA prototype, introduce the mould of the part of some racing bicycle that Keltool craft makes quickly and product. In casting production, box of pattern plate, core, press candle model, Die Casting model the production that wait often is to use machine treatment method, still need benchwork to undertake nap sometimes, take time cost, and precision is not tall. Especially complex to a few appearance cast (for example the lamina of aircraft engine, marine lid of the cylinder body of airscrew, car, tractor, crock) , the production of the mould is an enormous difficult problem more. Although of a few large companies cast a factory also stock the advanced equipment such as machine tool of a few numerical control, copy mill, but besides equipment price costly outside, the cycle that the mould machines is very long also, and because do not have very good software system support, the process designing of the machine tool is very difficult also. Shape quickly of the technology appear, for cast mould production offerred rate faster, precision the safeguard with taller, more complex structure. Nextpage pursues 4 (A) produce alumina what make for SLA technology with a future life base the mould of core of pottery and porcelain, core of this alumina pottery and porcelain is to casting production to light a short while of gas turbine leaf to use as of fusible pattern, its structure is very complex, include the construction of passageway of refrigeration of interior of lamina of the turbine that make, and precision demand is high, very tall also to the requirement of exterior quality. When making, when pouring arrive after the liquid inside the mould is caky, decompose through heating but purify SLA mould, get alumina base core of pottery and porcelain [7] . Graph 4 (B) it is to use SLA technology to be produced what make with a future life disappear mould insert of the model, should disappear the model is to use a future life to produce transmission case of beautiful car engine to dial fork. Smooth solidify shapes research progress smooth solidify of the technology shapes quickly tremendous effect was produced in fast production domain since world of production technology ask oneself, already made the central point that engineering group pays close attention to. The making precision of smooth solidify prototype and the property cost that expect into profile, it is the heat that this technology domain studies all the time. Current, a lot of investigator shape through be opposite parameter, shape the respect such as solidify of means, material analyses all sorts of influences to shape the element of precision, offerred the means of a lot of making precision that raise smooth solidify prototype, if scanning beam overlaps area solidify craft, chemical 2 exposure standard, research is developed,use CAD primitive data is direct section law, before making a treatment, undertake optimizing waiting to craft parameter, these technique can reduce a hardware be out of shape, reduce leftover stress, raise the archetypal precision that make. In addition, the data that SLA place uses is colophony of liquid state photosensitive, the stand or fall of its function is affected directly shape the main index such as the intensity of the spare parts, tenacity, affect the applied foreground of SLA technology then. The performance that improving profile makings in recent years so reduced cost respect to also do a lot of research, offerred a lot of effective technique, if the accept rice after modified SiO2 disperses freedom radical - cation is jumbly model in photosensitive colophony, can make photosensitive resinous critical light exposure increases and projectile deepness decrescent, its shape hear resistance, hardness and flexural strength have rise apparently; If be in colophony radical,join SiC brilliant beard again, can raise its tenacity and dependability; Develop colophony of new-style visible light solidify, this kind of new-style colophony uses visible light but solidify and solidify rate is rapid, small to human body harm, improve manufacturing efficiency while reduced cost substantially. Smooth solidify shapes quickly technical development has matured quite to today, all sorts of shape newly craft is ceaseless emerge in large numbers. Production technology and biology medicine shape quickly from crepuscular solidify below two respects look into SLA technology. 1 crepuscular solidify shapes quickly production technology is current, conventional SLA device shapes precision is ± 0.
1mm, can the project demand with better contented and common ground. But the domain waits in microelectronics and biology project, general requirement is made have micron class or inferior the fine structure of micron class, and the requirement that conventional SLA engineering technology already cannot satisfy this one domain. Be in especially in recent years, MEMS (MicroElectro-Mechanical Systems) the rapid development with microelectronics domain, make of small rigid structure make become the heat that has great research value and economic value. Crepuscular solidify shapes quickly μ - SL (Micro Stereolithography) it is to be on traditional SLA technics foundation, a kind when face small machine to the structure creates demand and put forward new-style shape quickly technology. This technology is early in 20 centuries 80 time had been put forward, study through near 20 old effort, had received certain application. The μ that put forward at present and comes true - the μ that SL technology basically includes to be based on odd photon to absorb effect - SL technology and the μ that are based on double photon to absorb effect - SL technology, can shape traditional SLA technique precision rises inferior micron class, developed shape quickly the application that the technology makes a field in small machine. But, the μ of great majority - cost of SL production technology is quite high, because this majority still is in lab phase, mass from implementation industrialized production still has certain space. Consequently the research direction of this domain will be henceforth: Develop low cost to manufacture a technology, reduce the cost of equipment; Develop new-style colophony material; Raise light to shape further technical precision; Build μ - SL maths model and physical model, to solve a project medium real problem provides academic basis; Realize μ - the union of SL and other sphere, for example biology engineering field [8] . Smooth solidify of domain of 2 biology medicine shapes quickly the model of human body organ that the technology makes to cannot be made or use traditional method hard provided a kind of new method, the smooth solidify that is based on CT image shapes the technology is to apply at false system to make, the effective method of rehabilitate of face of jaw of the program of complex and surgical operation, oral cavity. A when the forward position field that researchs in life science at present appears new across course -- constituent project is smooth solidify shape an application field that the technology has perspective very much. Be based on SLA technology to be able to make the artificial bone stand that has biology active, this bracket has very good mechanical function and the biology consistence with the cell, and the adhere that is helpful for ossification cell and grow. If the graph shows the constituent project support that makes to use SLA technology 5 times, of embedded in this bracket mice beforehand ossification cell, of the cell embedded with adhere effect very good [9] . In addition, will smooth solidify shapes quickly technology and union of freeze-dry technology photograph, can make a liver that includes a variety of complex small constructions organize project support, what this support system can assure a variety of hepatic cells is orderly distributing, the imitate that can be micromechanism of material of bracket of liver of group weaver Cheng provides reference. Last word smooth solidify shapes quickly technical development already had great progress up to now, continueing to face development of direction of industrialized, industrialization, it and other and advanced design and the union of production technology more and more come close together. Shape quickly in smooth solidify in the development of technical future, answer the following the development trend of 3 respects tries to notice: The first, develop economy further, the efficient smooth solidify with nicety shapes craft and equipment, rise hard shape precision and shape the stability of dimension, reduce equipment to run cost; The 2nd, continue to study the mechanism that expects into profile and performance, the smooth solidify that develops high-powered, low cost further shapes special type material; The 3rd, extend new applied field ceaselessly.
CNC Milling